Sanguisorba
| Sanguisorba | |
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| Flower head of Sanguisorba minor | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Subfamily: | Rosoideae |
| Tribe: | Sanguisorbeae |
| Subtribe: | Sanguisorbinae |
| Genus: | Sanguisorba L. |
| Species | |
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See text | |
| Synonyms | |
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Sanguisorba is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet.
Description
[edit]The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50–200 cm tall and have a cluster of basal leaves, with further leaves arranged alternately up the stem. The leaves are pinnate, 5–30 cm long, with 7-25 leaflets, the leaflets with a serrated margin. Young leaves grow from the crown in the center of the plant. The flowers are small, produced in dense clusters 5–20 mm long; each flower has four very small petals, white to red in colour.
Species
[edit]The following species are accepted:[1]
- Sanguisorba albanica András. & Jáv.
- Sanguisorba albiflora (Makino) Makino
- Sanguisorba alpina Bunge
- Sanguisorba ancistroides (Desf.) Ces.
- Sanguisorba annua (Nutt. ex Hook.) Torr. & A.Gray – annual burnet, prairie burnet, western burnet
- Sanguisorba applanata T.T.Yu & C.L.Li
- Sanguisorba armena Boiss.
- Sanguisorba azovtsevii Krasnob. & Pshenich.
- Sanguisorba canadensis L. – Canadian burnet, white burnet
- Sanguisorba cretica Hayek
- Sanguisorba diandra (Hook.f.) Nordborg
- Sanguisorba dodecandra Moretti – Italian burnet
- Sanguisorba durui Yild.
- Sanguisorba filiformis (Hook.f.) Hand.-Mazz.
- Sanguisorba hakusanensis Makino
- Sanguisorba hybrida (L.) Font Quer
- Sanguisorba indica (Gardner) Tirveng.
- Sanguisorba japonensis (Makino) Kudô
- Sanguisorba × kishinamii Honda
- Sanguisorba lateriflora (Coss.) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché
- Sanguisorba longifolia Bertol.
- Sanguisorba magnifica I.Schischk. & Kom.
- Sanguisorba mauritanica Desf.
- Sanguisorba megacarpa (Lowe) Muñoz Garm. & C.Navarro
- Sanguisorba menendezii (Svent.) Nordborg – Canary Islands burnet
- Sanguisorba minor Scop. – salad burnet, garden burnet, little burnet
- Sanguisorba obtusa Maxim. – Japanese burnet
- Sanguisorba occidentalis Nutt.
- Sanguisorba officinalis L. – great burnet, burnet bloodwort
- Sanguisorba × poroshirensis S.Watan.
- Sanguisorba × pseudo-officinalis Naruh.
- Sanguisorba riparia Juz.
- Sanguisorba rupicola (Boiss. & Reut.) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché
- Sanguisorba sirnakia Yild.
- Sanguisorba stipulata Raf.
- Sanguisorba × takahashihideoi Naruh.
- Sanguisorba tenuifolia Fisch. ex Link
Ecology
[edit]Sanguisorba minor is a food plant for the larvae of the grizzled skipper (Pyrgus malvae) and the mouse moth (Amphipyra tragopoginis).
Cultivation and uses
[edit]Burnets are cultivated as garden plants. Many cultivars have been bred, especially from S. officinalis. S. canadensis is grown for its white flowers on stems that well exceed a meter tall. The plants hybridize easily, producing new mixes.[2] S. obtusa is valued for its foliage of pink-edged, gray-green leaves.[3]
Sanguisorba officinalis is used in traditional Chinese medicinal to treat gastrointestinal conditions and bleeding.[4]
Sanguisorba minor, salad burnet, has similarly been used medicinally in Europe to control bleeding. The leaves have a cucumber flavour and can be eaten in salads, or used fresh or dried and made into a tea.[5]
Etymology
[edit]The Latin genus name Sanguisorba means ‘blood stauncher’. ‘Sanguis’ is a cognate with ‘sanguine’, meaning 'blood'. ‘Sorbeo’ means 'to staunch’. The plant is known to have styptic properties.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ "Sanguisorba L." Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
- ^ Sutton, J. Sanguisorba in Cultivation. Archived 2013-08-28 at the Wayback Machine The Plantsman. Royal Horticultural Society. June, 2007. 78-83.
- ^ Bourne, V. How to grow: Sanguisorba. The Daily Telegraph September 21, 2002.
- ^ Choi J, Kim MY, Cha BC, Yoo ES, Yoon K, Lee J, Rho HS, Kim SY, Cho JY (January 2012). "ZYM-201 sodium succinate ameliorates streptozotocin-induced hyperlipidemic conditions". Planta Med. 78 (1): 12–7. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1280219. PMID 21928167.
- ^ Bown, Deni (2002). The Royal Horticultural Society New Encyclopaedia of Herbs & Their Uses. London: Dorling Kindersley Limited. ISBN 0-7513-3386-7.
- ^ Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants. MCambridge University Press. p. 339. ISBN 9780521866453.
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