Outline of childhood
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to childhood:
Children – biologically, a child (plural: children) is generally a human between the stages of birth and puberty. Some definitions include the unborn (termed fetus).[1] The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority. "Child" may also describe a relationship with a parent or authority figure, or signify group membership in a clan, tribe, or religion; it can also signify being strongly affected by a specific time, place, or circumstance, as in "a child of nature" or "a child of the Sixties."[2]
Child education
[edit]School
[edit]Stages
[edit]
- Educational stage
- Primary education
- Primary school
- Middle school
- Secondary education
- Secondary school
Methods and theories
[edit]- Bilingual education
- Boarding School
- Country Day School movement
- Homeschooling
- Montessori method
- Orff Schulwerk
- Outcome-based education
- Philosophy of education
- Phonics
- Prussian education
- Reggio Emilia approach
- Religious education
- Suzuki method
- Waldorf School
Instruction content and tools
[edit]
- Abacus
- Educational programming language
- Language education
- Mathematics education
- Origami
- Philosophy for Children
- Physical education
- Reading education
- Reading recovery
- Recess
- Religious education as a school subject
- School corporal punishment
- School discipline
- Science education
- Writing development
Elsewhere
[edit]Preschool
[edit]
- Early childhood education
- Curricula in early childhood care and education
- Preschool
- Kindergarten
- Forest kindergarten
Childcare
[edit]Extracurricular and informal
[edit].jpg)
- After-school activity
- Children's street culture
- Extracurricular activity
- Music lesson
- Scouting
- Youth sports
- Youth system
- Unschooling
Growth and development
[edit]Stages of formative period
[edit]Aspects
[edit]Social development
[edit]A three-month-old infant laughing in response to a caregiver (2012) - Attachment Theory
- Attachment in children
- Child directed speech
- Language development
- Language acquisition
- Speech acquisition
- Baby talk
- Babbling
- Baby sign language
- Vocabulary Development
- Mama and papa
- Errors in early word use
- Crib talk
- Stranger Anxiety
- Westermarck effect
- Private speech
- Peer group
- peer pressure
- Friendship
- Imaginary friend
- Child sexuality
- Puppy love
Personal care
[edit]Physical development and growth
[edit]
First Steps, after Millet (1890), painting by Vincent van Goph depicts a young child learning to walk - Growth hormone
- Motor skill
- Gross motor skill
- Crawling (human)
- Fine motor skill
- Childhood development of fine motor skills
- Grasp
Intellectual and cognitive development
[edit]- Cognitive development
- Infant cognitive development
- Object permanence
- Mirror stage
- Comfort object
- Development of the nervous system in humans
- Learning
- Children's use of information
- Moral development
- Happy victimizing
- Theory of mind
Complications and divergence
[edit]Innate
[edit]- Birth defect
- Developmental disorder
- Attachment theory
- Attention deficit disorder
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Autism
- Down syndrome
- Growth hormone deficiency
- Disability
- Intellectual disability
- Physical disability
In life
[edit]- Stillbirth
- Maternal death
- SIDS
- Maternal deprivation
- Infant mortality
- List of childhood diseases and disorders
- Feral child
- Infection in childcare
- Child poverty
- Childhood obesity
- Child prodigy
- Precocious puberty
- Delayed puberty
Society and Law
[edit].jpg)
Family and guardianship
[edit]Relations
[edit]- Parent
- Mother
- Father
- Sibling
- Brother
- Sister
- Grandparent
- Aunt
- Uncle
- Cousin
- Extended family
- Stepfamily
- Godparent
Concepts
[edit]- Parenting
- Child custody
- Family law
- Adoption
- Orphan
- Inheritance
- Child support
- Incest taboo
- Surrogate mother
- Fathers' rights
- Illegitimacy
- Divorce
- Best interests
- Morality and legality of abortion
- Sex-selective abortion
- Voluntary childlessness
Legal rights, responsibilities and restrictions
[edit].svg)
- Age limit
- Age of consent
- Age of criminal responsibility
- Age of majority
- Children's rights movement
- Children's rights education
- Minor (law)
- Voting age
- Youth rights
Behaviour management
[edit]- Child discipline
- Corporal punishment
- Corporal punishment in the home
- Grounding (discipline technique)
- Juvenile delinquency
- Spanking
- Time-out (parenting)
- Young offender
- Youth detention center
Child protection and welfare
[edit]
- Child and Youth Care
- Child benefit
- Child labour laws
- Child protection
- Parental leave
- Residential care
- Foster care
- Orphanage
- Social services
- UNICEF – the United Nations Children's Fund
- Welfare
Harm
[edit]Child abuse
[edit]- Child sexual abuse
- Paedophilia
- Child pornography
- Child abuse
- Child neglect
- Child abandonment
- Child abduction
- Child murder
- Filicide
- Child selling
- Child slavery
- Infanticide
- Military use of children
Vulnerable situations and possible abuse
[edit]- Child marriage
- Child displacement
- Child actor
- Child refugee
- Child labour
- Children in emergencies and conflicts
- Homelessness
- Ephebophilia
History of children in society
[edit]
- History of childhood
- History of children in the military
- History of early childhood care and education
- History of education
- History of the family
Specific times and places
[edit]- Childhood in Maya society
- Childhood in the Viking Age
- Childhood in medieval England
- Childhood in Scotland in the Middle Ages
- Childhood in early modern Scotland
- Stolen Generations
- Effect of World War I on children in the United States
- Children in the Holocaust
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children
Children's entertainment and leisure
[edit]
Media and literature
[edit]- Advertising to children
- Children's clothing
- Children's culture
- Children's literature
- Children's film
- Children's music
- Children's television series
Toys and games
[edit]See also
[edit]- Child harness
- Child safety lock
- The World's Children's Prize for the Rights of the Child
- Piggy bank
- Genetic counseling
- Children's Day
- Student loan
- World Summit for Children
- Childhood studies
- Lina Medina
- List of youth topics
- Term of endearment
References
[edit]- ^ See Shorter Oxford English Dictionary 397 (6th ed. 2007), which's the first definition is "A fetus; an infant;...". See also ‘The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary: Complete Text Reproduced Micrographically’, Vol. I (Oxford University Press, Oxford 1971): 396, which defines it as: ‘The unborn or newly born human being; fetus, infant’.
- ^ "American Heritage Dictionary". 2007-12-07. Archived from the original on 2007-12-29.